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Solid-state hydrogen storage techniques at a glance
Solid–state hydrogen storage techniques at a glance, Scientists compared hydrogen storage techniques and found that physical methods are closer to commercial feasibility, while materials-based techniques have strong potential.
California Demands Everyone Drive Electric Vehicles, but Can’t Even Keep the Lights on
Federal Agencies say that the Earth is missing 2/3 rds of the minerals needed to make lithium batteries and that wishful thinking is NOT going to make the missing thirds magically appear. Of the 1/3rd that does exist, 90% of it is inside of nations that hate the USA and that wishful thinking is not going to make those nations become political friends with the USA. In other words, to make all cars run on lithium batteries you need to find two more whole Earth’s in space and mine them at a cost of 900 trillion dollars; an almost impossible task. By the time you do all this to get enough lithium battery minerals, the batteries will be so expensive that consumers will have to pay, at least, one million dollars per car. Each year that the tiny amount of rare earth metals gets mined, the price of that material doubles. Even a child can see that the economics of this are a fools errand. On the other hand: Honda, Toyota, Hyundai, and all other non-Detroit car companies, have hydrogen fuel cell cars which get their energy from either water or any organic waste, of which the supply is endless.
Your car can run off of Seawater split to produce green hydrogen but Elon Musk and his investors hate it because it competes with their child labor-produced, toxic, exploding batteries
Researchers have successfully split seawater without pre-treatment to produce green hydrogen.
The international team was led by the University of Adelaide’s Professor Shizhang Qiao and Associate Professor Yao Zheng from the School of Chemical Engineering.
“We have split natural seawater into oxygen and hydrogen with nearly 100 per cent efficiency, to produce green hydrogen by electrolysis, using a non-precious and cheap catalyst in a commercial electrolyser,” said Professor Qiao.
A typical non-precious catalyst is cobalt oxide with chromium oxide on its surface.
“We used seawater as a feedstock without the need for any pre-treatment processes like reverse osmosis desolation, purification, or alkalisation,” said Associate Professor Zheng.
“The performance of a commercial electrolyser with our catalysts running in seawater is close to the performance of platinum/iridium catalysts running in a feedstock of highly purified deionised water.
Our work provides a solution to directly utilise seawater without pre-treatment systems and alkali addition, which shows similar performance as that of existing metal-based mature pure water electrolyser, said The University of Adelaide’s Associate Professor Yao Zheng, researcher in the School of Chemical Engineering. The process is 99% efficient and beats every other vehicle fuel option for: Safety, national security, green and clean, free access and other metrics.
The team published their research in the journal Nature Energy.
“Current electrolysers are operated with highly purified water electrolyte. Increased demand for hydrogen to partially or totally replace energy generated by fossil fuels will significantly increase scarcity of increasingly limited freshwater resources,” said Associate Professor Zheng.
Seawater is an almost infinite resource and is considered a natural feedstock electrolyte. This is more practical for regions with long coastlines and abundant sunlight. However, it isn’t practical for regions where seawater is scarce.
Seawater electrolysis is still in early development compared with pure water electrolysis because of electrode side reactions, and corrosion arising from the complexities of using seawater.
“It is always necessary to treat impure water to a level of water purity for conventional electrolysers including desalination and deionisation, which increases the operation and maintenance cost of the processes,” said Associate Professor Zheng.
“Our work provides a solution to directly utilise seawater without pre-treatment systems and alkali addition, which shows similar performance as that of existing metal-based mature pure water electrolyser.”
The team will work on scaling up the system by using a larger electrolyser so that it can be used in commercial processes such as hydrogen generation for fuel cells and ammonia synthesis.
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Hydrogen Storage in Solid State | Aranca
Through the process of absorption, hydrogen is dissociated into H-atoms and incorporated into the solid lattice framework. Therefore, hydrogen gas can be stored in a small volume under pressure of 70 bar. This is much lesser than a conventional tank where hydrogen must be kept under pressure of more than 700 bar.
Hydrogen Energy Storage – Energy Storage Association
Hydrogen Storage, Small amounts of hydrogen (up to a few MWh) can be stored in, pressurized vessels, or solid metal hydrides or nanotubes can store hydrogen, with a very high density. Very large amounts of hydrogen can be stored in, constructed underground salt caverns of up to 500,000 cubic meters at 2,900,
Hydrogen Storage – Basics | Department of Energy
Hydrogen can be physically stored as either a gas or a liquid. Storage as a gas typically requires high-pressure tanks (5000–10,000 psi tank pressure). Storage of hydrogen as a liquid requires cryogenic temperatures because the boiling point of hydrogen at one atmosphere pressure is -252.8°C. Materials-Based Hydrogen Storage,
Could Solid-State Hydrogen Storage Be a Serious Alternative to …
The Arizona- based startup has developed “solid–state” hydrogen storage, essentially transferring the gas onto a proprietary film wound in many layers inside a canister. He says the tech could challenge batteries in both efficiency and environmental friendliness.
Solid-State Hydrogen Storage | ScienceDirect
With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Solid–state hydrogen storage: Materials and chemistry is a standard reference for researchers and professionals in the field of renewable energy, hydrogen fuel cells and hydrogen storage. Key Features, Assesses hydrogen fuel cells as a major alternative energy source,
Solid-State Hydrogen Storage Might Be an Alternative to Batteries
The Arizona- based startup has developed “solid–state” hydrogen storage, essentially transferring the gas onto a proprietary film wound in many layers inside a canister. He says the tech could…
Could Solid-State Hydrogen Storage Be A Serious … – FuelCellsWorks
The Arizona- based startup has developed “solid–state” hydrogen storage, essentially transferring the gas onto a proprietary film wound in many layers inside a canister. He says the tech could challenge batteries in both efficiency and environmental friendliness.
Forget Solid State Batteries – Solid Hydrogen Explained
Although being slightly heavier than carbon-fiber tanks at around 700 bar (10,000) PSI, the solid–state hydrogen containers are much easier and safer to handle than the compressed gas vessels. Also, while Plasma Kinetic design has a lower energy density than highly pressurized storage, their materials have a lower energy cost.
Gaseous hydrogen needs to be stored under immense pressure, he explains, making it difficult, expensive, and dangerous to handle. But the common alternative – liquid hydrogen – needs to be stored at -253 Celsius, a highly energy intensive process that depends on extensive infrastructure.
How did the Silicon Valley Cartel create a monopoly and black-listing blockade against small inventors? See more at: https://usinventor.org/
Some of the most famous corporations and entities in the world, have cited Scott’s inventions, in their federal patent office submissions and filings, as the original inventions that they took their own ideas from for their products. Their federal records verify that Scott’s inventions were first, before their product ideas. Per www.uspto.gov, these include: Sony Pictures, Microsoft, T-Mobile, Massachusetts Institute Of Technology, ATLAS Elektronik GmbH, Intel Corporation, Virtual I/O, Inc., International Business Machines Corporation – IBM, Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., Fujitsu Limited, Philips Electronics N.V, Sanyo Electric Co. Ltd, Vpl Research, Inc., Sony Corporation, General Electric Company, At&T Corporation, Medialab Services S.A., Canon Kabushiki Kaisha, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., The Procter & Gamble Company, Microsoft Corporation, Cisco Technology, Inc., Sony Uk Ltd, The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois, Sun Microsystems, Inc., California Institute Of Technology, Micron Technology, Inc., Sony Broadcast & Communication, Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd., Rockwell Collins, Inc., Renault Visual, Google, Inc., YouTube, Inc., Alphabet, Inc., Yahoo, Inc., Sony Computer Entertainment, Inc., Lsa. Inc., Ford Motor Company, Nvidia, Inc., Xerox Corporation, Apple, Inc.
and many more…
A number of these entities called us up, asked to look at our technologies, signed NDA’s yet copied our technologies, without paying, and made billions of dollars in profits. It costs over $3M in legal fees, up front, to sue each infringer. Since they each employ armies of deflection lawyers and years of delays ( Per www.usinventor.org ), it is sometimes easier to use Congressional and law enforcement RICO/anti-trust laws to put them out of business or gut their stock valuations. We have always made certain that the cost of the theft and harms is far greater than the small compensation that they owe us. It is always better for them to pay their bills than to rip us off.
Protected by multiple patent, trade-secret, NDA and IP filings.
Who uses this intellectual property and cited it, on federal records, as Scott’s seminal creation prior to their use of it in commerce?:
